Though problems with the eyes and vision can occur at any age, but are more common in seniors. Poor vision can result in restricted mobility at a time of life when staying active is crucial to maintain health and quality of life Eye diseases like cataract, Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, Dry eyes, Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD) and floaters, Presbyopia are more common in the elderly, if left untreated can cause genuine vision misfortune and visual deficiency. Comorbidities like diabetes, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease increase the risk of age-related eye diseases. Here are some sure preventive estimates like: Regular eye exams, Maintain normal blood pressure, cholesterol and glucose levels, use of prescribed and protective glasses, adopting healthy lifestyle, abstaining smoking, avoiding falls and eye injuries.

Chronic diseases can have a profound impact on the health and quality of life of elder. The most common chronic diseases afflicting the elderly are: Adult onset diabetes, Arthritis, Kidney and bladder problems, Dementia, Glaucoma, Osteoporosis, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Macular degeneration, Depression, Cardiovascular disease etc. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) a lot of the sickness, disability, and even death associated with chronic disease can be avoided through preventive measures. The CDC suggests lessening the possibility of the onset of chronic disease in later years by:

• Practicing a healthy lifestyle that includes healthy eating, regular exercise and avoiding tobacco use

• Regular use of early detection and testing such as breast, prostate and cervical cancer screenings, diabetes and cholesterol screenings, bone density scans, etc.

This is nothing but the approach to care for the chronically ill and frail elderly. Geriatric palliative care is integrative using interdisciplinary delivery of care and the mail goal is to relieve pain and suffering and improve quality of life for elderly patients and their families.

Many organizations, societies, associations acknowledge the broad scope of geriatric care. Geriatric consideration organization typically has prior getting ready in nursing, social work, gerontology or other prosperity organization domains. In a couple of countries and domains, they may get assertion from various master affiliations, for instance, the National Association of Professional Geriatric Care Managers in the United States.

Mental health is essential to overall health and well-being, it must be recognized and treated in older adults, with the same urgency as physical health. The most common conditions of mental health in elderly include dementia, anxiety, severe cognitive impairment, and mood disorders (such as depression or bipolar disorder). Geriatric psychiatrists play an vital role in the treatment of disorders that occur in elderly. Psychologists provide services to older adults in a variety of settings, including healthcare facilities, community-based private or group practices, and places where older adults reside-in their homes, long-term care, and assisted-living facilities, and hospices. Psychologists collaborate with a variety of professionals, including medical and other mental health care services providers, to ensure comprehensive care.

Age is the greatest risk factor for developing cancer.  In fact, 60% of the people are cancer survivors 65 or older. The best treatment plan for cancer depends on general health, lifestyle, wishes, and other factors. Cancer of the elderly exhibits slower growth because their body already has a slower rate of cell development than those of young ones. However, some data show that elderly with tumors have worse prognosis because of delayed diagnosis.  Thus, the elderly should learn about the right attitude and knowledge to combat cancer. Anticancer treatments are sometimes devastating. The most feared treatment is chemotherapy, which was indicated by 58% of the sample as something deleterious, and 51% believe that the treatment could not be resisted if they would receive it. 48.3% believe that radiotherapy is dangerous. As the side effects of these treatments, 54% stated that anesthesia is a very risky procedure, and 29% indicated that vomiting due to chemotherapy is unavoidable. 29% of elderly affirmed that the treatment for cancer is worse than the disease itself, and 34% preferred not to receive any treatment in case of developing cancer.

Heart disease is a major threat to senior health and the No. 1 cause of death. Heart failure, heart attack, irregular heartbeat, coronary artery disease, and atrial fibrillation are common reasons for health visits and hospital stays. Normal aging causes your heart and blood vessels to stiffen, which can lead to these conditions in later years. For people older than 75, high blood pressure is the most common heart condition. Coronary artery disease and heart failure are next.  For a better heart health, one should eat a healthy diet, minimize stress, reduce alcohol intake, and quit smoking etc., so that in the growing age the chances of getting heart disease might be less.

Geriatric Nursing is a comprehensive source for clinical information and management advice relating to the care of older adults.  Geriatric nurses are some of the most important professionals in this field, specially trained to be able to perform traditional nursing duties with unique needs. A geriatric nurse should be responsible for – 

• measuring and recording vital signs
• administering medications
• exercising and massaging patients
• watching for signs of elder abuse
• transporting patients to doctor’s visits and other appointments; and
• Helping patients with their daily needs, such as bathing, dressing, and using the bathroom.

Geriatric nurses are often employed at healthcare facilities such as hospitals and clinics. They also work in residential care facilities, like nursing homes and retirement communities. Some geriatric nurses also work in home healthcare, traveling to patients’ homes to care for them there.

Geriatric nurses should be generally upbeat and cheerful people. They should also be patient, understanding, empathetic, and compassionate, with a true desire to work with aging patients because the main motto of it is to provide a allover care to geriatrics.

As we age, our bodies go through a number of changes that make it difficult for us to get around as easily as we once could. Seniors may also become less mobile as a result of bone diseases such as osteoporosis. Some bone problems that occur in old age are Paget’s disease, Rheumatoid arthritis, Osteoporosis.

Uniquely expanded bone resorption prompts the underlying fall in bone mineral thickness. With expanding age, there is likewise a huge decrease in the bone arrangement. This is for the most part because of a move from osteoblast genesis to dominating adipogenesis in the bone marrow, which likewise has a lipotoxic impact that influences lattice development and mineralization.

Critical advances in prosperity and social success have provoked direct gains in the future and running with augmentation in the weight forced by age-related morbidities. Complex alterations in hormonal systems that control homeostasis and survival may underlie this poor change in accordance with later life. Both the menopause and sub-clinical thyroid illness demonstrate the inconvenience in pivoting endocrine changes in later life. In maturity (60– 65 years old), Diabetes mellitus is turning into a disturbing general medical problem. Among the elderly populace, type 2 diabetes is a developing issue, and a greater degree of as of late dissected diabetics is more seasoned.
Adult hypopituitarism, hypothyroidism, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, adrenal insufficiency, various forms of hypogonadism, and endocrine malignancies are all more frequent in old age.

The target of geriatric restoration is to keep up utilitarian opportunity in the elderly developed people who are basic pieces of the overall population. From this time forward, elderly people can flourish socially and fiscally work. With the development, developed patients much of the time go up against various physical and energetic changes that can impact the level of essential to geriatric reclamation is correspondence especially upgrading any material inability.

Many kinds of elder abuse are recognized as kinds of domestic violence or family violence since they are committed by relations. Paid caregivers have additionally been acknowledged to kill their older patients. Abuse will happen to anyone no matter the person's age, sex, race, religion, or ethnic or cultural background. Each year, hundreds of thousands of adults over the age of 60 are abused, neglected, or financially exploited. Most victims of abuse are women, but some are men. Likely targets are older those that haven't any family or friends nearby and people with disabilities, memory issues, or dementia.